1. Aperture (F-Number)
Aperture refers to the opening inside a camera lens that controls how much light reaches the sensor. It's written as an f-stop or f-number (for example, f/2.8 or f/5.6) and stored in EXIF as FNumber.
- A low f-stop (e.g. f/1.8, f/2.8) means a wide aperture — more light enters the camera, producing a shallow depth of field with a blurred background. Ideal for portraits.
- A high f-stop (e.g. f/11, f/16) means a narrow aperture — less light, with most of the scene in sharp focus. Ideal for landscapes and architecture.